Síndrome de Poland. A propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Poland syndrome. Case report and review of the literature

El síndrome de Poland es una deformidad congénita poco frecuente, esporádica y de patogenia incierta. Se caracteriza por ausencia/hipoplasia del pectoral mayor, alteraciones de la mano y de la glándula mamaria ipsolateral. Se presenta un caso de un varón con clínica sugestiva de síndrome de Poland en el hemitórax izquierdo, sin alteración de la extremidad superior, aunque asociaba dextrocardia y herniación pulmonar, una relación poco frecuente. Se hace hincapié en la necesidad de contar con un equipo multidisciplinario para su manejo inicial y tratamiento a largo plazo (AU)

The Poland syndrome is a rare, sporadic and congenital deformity with uncertain pathogenesis. It is characterized by absence or hypoplasia of the pectoralis major muscle, malformations of the hand and involvement of the ipsilateral mammary gland. A case of a newborn with clinical manifestations suggestive of Poland syndrome on the left hemithorax, associated dextrocardia and defect pulmonary despite being a rare association. Emphasis on the need for a multidisciplinary team in the initial management and long-term treatment (AU)

Estimación de la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad infantil en un sector sanitario de Zaragoza utilizando diferentes estándares de crecimiento / Overweight and obesity prevalence estimates in a population from Zaragoza by using different growth references

OBJETIVOS: Conocer la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en nuestro medio y objetivar si hay diferencias significativas al utilizar los estándares de crecimiento de Hernández o los de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: el 35824 niñas y niños de 2 a 14 años. Para determinar las prevalencias, mediante ambos estándares (Hernández y OMS), se utilizó el índice de masa corporal. Se compararon y se analizaron las diferencias de prevalencias por edad y sexo y con el porcentaje de pacientes que tenían registrado algún diagnóstico de obesidad-sobrepeso en la historia clínica. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia global de sobrepeso-obesidad de 2 a 14 años fue del 17,0% (IC del 95%, 16,1%-18,0%) según estándares de Hernández y del 30,8% (IC del 95%, 29,9%-31,7%) según estándares OMS (obesidad 10,1% y 12,2%, sobrepeso 6,9% y 18,6%, respectivamente). Fue significativamente mayor en varones, según ambos estándares, debido a la mayor prevalencia de obesidad. Con los estándares de Hernández se obtuvieron prevalencias significativamente menores que con los de OMS, en todas las edades y en ambos sexos. Detectamos un bajo porcentaje de registro del diagnóstico (del 3 al 22% a los 2 y 14 años, respectivamente). CONCLUSIONES: En nuestra población, la prevalencia de sobrepeso-obesidad es alta y es mayor en varones. La utilización de los estándares de Hernández infravalora la sobrecarga ponderal, sobre todo porque detecta menos pacientes con sobrepeso, por lo que creemos que sería preferible incorporar los estándares de OMS de forma sistemática a la práctica diaria. El escaso registro del diagnóstico de sobrepeso-obesidad en la historia clínica podría reflejar una escasa percepción del problema por parte de los profesionales

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among our pediatric population and observe whether the use of different growth references for classification produce significant differences. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 35824 boys and girls aged between 2 and 14 years were included. Body mass index (BMI) was used to calculate the prevalence of overweight-obesity by age and sex. Prevalence was obtained by using a set of national references (Hernández's standards) and the references of World Health Organization (WHO standards). Prevalences were compared for each age and sex subset, as well as with the percentage of patients who had an overweight-obesity diagnosis in the clinical record. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of overweight-obesity among children aged 2 to 14 years was 17.0% (95% CI; 16.1%-18.0%) according to the Hernández standards vs 30.8% (95% CI; 29.9%- 31.7%) according to WHO standards (10.1% vs 12.2% obese, and 6.9% vs 18.6% overweight). It was significantly higher in boys, by both standards, due to the higher prevalence of obesity. By using the Hernández standards the prevalence was significantly lower than by using WHO standards for all ages and for both sexes. A low percentage of patients were found to have an obesity-overweight diagnosis in the clinical record (from 3% to 22% at the ages of 2 and 14 years, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of overweight-obesity in our population is high, especially among boys. Using Hernández standards leads to an under-estimation of the problem, especially because it detects less overweight patients, thus we recommend using the WHO standards in our daily practice. The low number of overweight-obesity diagnoses in the clinical records might reflect that there is little awareness of the problem by the professionals

[Overweight and obesity prevalence estimates in a population from Zaragoza by using different growth references]. / Estimación de la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad infantil en un sector sanitario de Zaragoza utilizando diferentes estándares de crecimiento.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among our pediatric population and observe whether the use of different growth references for classification produce significant differences. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 35824 boys and girls aged between 2 and 14 years were included. Body mass index (BMI) was used to calculate the prevalence of overweight-obesity by age and sex. Prevalence was obtained by using a set of national references (Hernández's standards) and the references of World Health Organization (WHO standards). Prevalences were compared for each age and sex subset, as well as with the percentage of patients who had an overweight-obesity diagnosis in the clinical record. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of overweight-obesity among children aged 2 to 14 years was 17.0% (95% CI; 16.1%-18.0%) according to the Hernández standards vs 30.8% (95% CI; 29.9%-31.7%) according to WHO standards (10.1% vs 12.2% obese, and 6.9% vs 18.6% overweight). It was significantly higher in boys, by both standards, due to the higher prevalence of obesity. By using the Hernández standards the prevalence was significantly lower than by using WHO standards for all ages and for both sexes. A low percentage of patients were found to have an obesity-overweight diagnosis in the clinical record (from 3% to 22% at the ages of 2 and 14 years, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of overweight-obesity in our population is high, especially among boys. Using Hernández standards leads to an under-estimation of the problem, especially because it detects less overweight patients, thus we recommend using the WHO standards in our daily practice. The low number of overweight-obesity diagnoses in the clinical records might reflect that there is little awareness of the problem by the professionals.